The European Parliament adopted by 546 votes to 85 with 62 abstentions, a resolution on the Commission’s report of 2016 on Albania.
Parliament recalled that Albania has made progress towards accession to the European Union. It welcomed Albania’s continuous progress on EU-related reforms, in particular the adoption of constitutional amendments paving the way for a deep and comprehensive judicial reform.
Towards the accession of Albania to the EU: Parliament welcomed the Commission’s recommendation for opening accession negotiations with Albania; fully supports Albania’s accession to the EU and called for the accession negotiations to be opened as soon as there is credible and sustainable progress in the implementation of comprehensive judicial reform and the fight against organised crime and corruption, in order to keep the reform momentum. It stated that Albania should consolidate the progress achieved and maintain the pace of progress on implementation of all key priorities.
Whilst recalling the main priorities for Albania regarding the strengthening of reforms leading to EU accession (particularly in constitutional affairs and the institutional reform of the judiciary), Parliament welcomed the new justice reform strategy for 2017-2020, as well as the increased budgetary means for implementation.
It called for further electoral reforms and called on Albania’s political parties to respect both the spirit and the letter of the law on the exclusion of criminal offenders from public office.
Overall, Members noted the efforts towards a more citizen-friendly public administration and wanted to see further improvements regarding recruitment and promotion procedures on the basis of merit and performance.
Fight against corruption: Parliament stressed the need for a more adequate legal framework for conflicts of interest, the regulation of lobbying and better interinstitutional cooperation, especially between police and prosecution services. It felt that a stricter framework was necessary for the fight against organized crime and drug trafficking.
Parliament remained concerned that corruption remains high and prevalent in many areas and continues to pose a serious problem, eroding people’s trust in public institutions. It was also concerned that key anti-corruption institutions continue to be subject to political interference and have limited administrative capacities.
Further measures are also necessary to fight against arms trafficking.
Respect for minorities: Parliament recalled, among the key priorities, the need to reinforce the protection of human rights, minority rights and anti-discrimination policies.
It urged the competent authorities to continue improving the climate of inclusion and tolerance for all minorities in the country in line with European minority protection standards, including by enhancing the role of the State Committee on Minorities. It called on Albania to adopt the framework law on the protection of minorities and to ratify the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages.
It underlined the need to improve living conditions for Roma, Egyptians and other ethnic minorities. Members called for concrete actions such as the civic registration (birth certificates and IDs) of Roma and Egyptians and for continued efforts in improving their access to employment and all public and social services, education, health, social housing and legal aid. Despite improvements, the inclusion of Roma children in the education system remains the lowest in the region.
The resolution recommended that the rights of people with Bulgarian ethnicity in the Prespa, Golo Brdo and Gora regions be enshrined in law and ensured in practice. It encouraged the Albanian government to continue its cooperation with LGBTI civil society organisations.
Asylum and migration: Parliament encouraged Albania to improve further its legal framework for refugees. It called for a further strengthening of cooperation between the EU and Albania in order to protect refugees' rights in line with international standards and EU fundamental values. In this regard, Parliament expressed concern at the recent rise in cases of human trafficking, notably unaccompanied minors, women and girls.
Media independence: Parliament reiterated the critical importance of professional and independent private and public service media. It called for measures to raise the professional and ethical standards of and prevalence of regular work contracts for journalists, to enhance the transparency of government advertising in the media, and to ensure the independence, impartiality and accountability of the regulatory authority and the public broadcaster.
Economic performance: Parliament urged improved enforcement of contracts and better tax collection, and implementation of the judicial reforms in order to improve the business environment. Further efforts are needed to fight the informal economy.
Respect for the environment: Parliament noted with concern the limited nature of the administrative capacities for enforcement of environmental law, as well as the poor waste management and water management. It underlined the need to improve the quality of environmental impact assessments, as well as to guarantee public participation and consultation of civil society in relevant projects. Parliament also expressed concern about the fact that, according to the Commission, 44 of 71 hydropower plant projects are under construction in protected areas.
Members highlighted that the environmental impact of hydropower plants is often not properly assessed to ensure compliance with international standards and relevant EU nature legislation. They advised the government to consider the establishment of a Vjosa National Park along the whole length of the river and to abandon plans for new hydropower plants along the Vjosa river and its tributaries.
Parliament urged further alignment with EU legislation in the field of energy, particularly on the adoption of a national energy strategy, in order to increase energy independence and efficiency.
Albanian asylum seekers: Parliament noted that the number of asylum applications lodged by Albanians in EU Member States that have been deemed unfounded has increased again. It urged the government to take immediate and determined action to address this phenomenon.
Neighbourhood relations: lastly, Parliament underlined the importance of ensuring good neighbourly relations, which remain essential as an integral part of the enlargement process. It welcomed Albania's constructive and proactive role in promoting regional cooperation and good neighbourly relations with other enlargement countries and neighbouring EU Member States.
In this regard, they commended both Albania and Serbia on their continued commitment to improving bilateral relations and welcomed the decision by the Albanian authorities to align the country’s foreign policy with Council Decision (CFSP) 2016/1671, renewing the restrictive EU measures against Russia.
However, Parliament noted the recent frictions in relations between Albania and Greece, and recommended that both sides abstain from actions or statements that could have a negative impact on relations.