PURPOSE: to present the final accounts of the 8th, 9th and 10th European Development Funds (EDF) for the financial year 2012.
CONTENT: this communication presents the final accounts of the 8th, 9th and 10th EDF, which must be presented to the European Parliament, the Council and the Court of Auditors, in accordance with the relevant provisions regarding the EDF.
The document also includes a note accompanying the accounts in which the accounting officer in charge of the EFD audit certifies that the accounts present a true and fair view of the financial position of the European Development Funds in all material aspects (signed declaration of assurance).
1. EDF objectives: the EDF is the main instrument for providing Union aid for development cooperation to the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) States and Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs). The 1957 Treaty of Rome made provision for its creation with a view to granting technical and financial assistance, initially limited to African countries which at that time were still colonised and with which some Member States had historical links.
The EDF is not funded by the European Union's budget. It is funded by the Member States, subject to its own financial regulation and managed by a specific committee. The European Commission is responsible for the financial implementation of the operations carried out with EDF resources and the European Investment Bank (EIB) manages the Investment Facility.
During the period 2008-2013, the geographic aid granted to ACP States and OCTs will continue to be mainly funded by the EDF. Each EDF is usually concluded for a period of around five years. Since the conclusion of the first partnership convention in 1964, the EDF programming cycles have generally followed the partnership agreement/convention cycles. Each EDF is governed by its own Financial Regulation, which imposes the preparation of financial statements for each individual EDF. Accordingly, financial statements are prepared separately for each EDF in respect of the part that is managed by the European Commission. These financial statements are also presented in an aggregated way so as to provide a global view of the financial situation of the resources for which the European Commission is responsible.
The Investment Facility was established within the framework of the Cotonou agreement. This Investment Facility is managed by the European Investment Bank and is used to support private sector development in the ACP States by financing essentially – but not exclusively – private investments. As the Investment Facility is not managed by the European Commission, it is not consolidated in the Commission document. The financial statements of the Investment Facility are included as a separate part of the annual accounts to provide a full picture of the development aid of the EDF.
Funding of the EDF: unlike the European Union budget, the EDF is a fund operating on the basis of multiannuality during a period of usually five years. The EDF resources are “ad hoc” contributions from the EU Member States. Approximately every five years, Member State representatives meet at intergovernmental level to decide on an overall amount that will be allocated to the Fund and to oversee its implementation. The Commission then manages the fund. Since Member States have their own development and aid policies in addition to the Union wide policies, they must coordinate their policies with the EU to ensure they are complementary.
Until 2010, contributions were called from the 15 participating Member States. In 2011, the first contributions under the 10th EDF, in which the 27 Member States participate, were called.
While some funds of the 10th EDF have been set aside for unforeseen needs, most are being programmed in indicative multi-annual frameworks, mainly geographic but also thematic, currently set for the years 2008-2013. In this regard, the Commission communication gives details on how the EDF is managed technically by the Commission with respect to management which is centralised, decentralised or joint management with international organisations, and discusses the different financial actors involved in the financial and accounting processes.
Management of EDF resources: EDF operational expenditure takes different forms, depending on how the money is paid out and managed. In accordance with the Financial Regulation, the Commission implements the EDF resources using the following methods:
- decentralised management: these are the cases where the Commission delegates to third countries, more or less substantially according to the local situation of the beneficiary country concerned, certain tasks for implementation of the budget;
- centralised management: this is where the budget is implemented either directly by the Commission services or indirectly where the Commission confers tasks of implementation of the budget to bodies accountable under European Union law or national law, such as the European Union agencies;
- joint management with international organisations: under this method, the Commission entrusts certain implementation tasks to an international organisation.
Implementing the EDF resources: the vast majority of financial resources awarded to ACP States and OCTs through the EDF are grants. At the beginning of each EDF, the European Union informs the ACP States and the OCTs about the level of grants that should be available to them over the period of the fund. The beneficiary country develops a cooperation strategy while or after holding consultations with its development partners (donors). A National Indicative Programme (NIP) is then drawn up to implement the cooperation strategy. This contains the procedure for granting funds, for monitoring and accounting, which is detailed in the communication (expenditure, payments and, in certain cases, recovering undue payments).
Audit and discharge: the process of audit and discharge is detailed in the communication. It is the Accounting Officer's responsibility to prepare the annual accounts and ensure that they present a true and fair view of the financial position of the EDF.
The EDF annual accounts and resource management are overseen by its external auditor, the European Court of Auditors, which draws up an annual report for the Council and the European Parliament. The Court's main task is to conduct an external, independent audit of the EDF annual accounts. The final control is the discharge of the financial implementation of the EDF resources for a given financial year. The European Parliament is the discharge authority of the EDF. This means that following the audit and finalisation of the annual accounts it falls to the Council to recommend and then to the Parliament to decide whether to grant discharge to the Commission for the financial implementation of the EDF resources for the preceding financial year. This decision is based on a review of the accounts and the annual report of the Court of Auditors. The discharge represents the political aspect of the external control of financial implementation and is the decision by which the European Parliament, acting on a Council recommendation, "releases" the Commission from its responsibility for management of the financial implementation of a given financial year. This discharge procedure may produce one of two outcomes: the granting or postponement of the discharge.
2. Financial implementation of the EDF in 2012: in 2012, the 8th, 9th and 10th EDFs were implemented simultaneously. Although funds for each EDF are committed over a period of five years, payments can be made over a longer period.
The document contains a table showing the aggregated use of EDF resources at 31 December 2012, which are as follows:
Capital called as at 31 December 2012 for each EDF:
- 8th EDF: EUR 12.84 billion
- 9th EDF: EUR 11.699 billion
- 10th EDF: EUR 5.04 billion.
Total capital called as at 31.12.2012: EUR 29.579 billion.
The fund capital represents the total amount of contributions from the Member States for the relevant EDF fund as laid down in each of the internal agreements. Called fund capital represents the amount of the initial allocations which has been called up for transfer to the treasury accounts by Member States. The capital of the 8th and the 9th EDF has been called up and received in its entirety. The 10th EDF entered into force in 2008 with a fund capital amounting to EUR 21 152 million, according to the internal agreement applicable to the 10th EDF.
Funding of the EDF at 31 December 2012:
- 8th EDF: EUR 10.584 billion
- 9th EDF: EUR 16.45 billion
- 10th EDF: EUR 21.885 billion.
Total allocations EUR 48.920 billion.
The report sets out a series of tables showing how these resources were used during the financial year 2012, (by project, country and type of action).
It also sets out certain precise figures:
Amount of the 10th EDF: the 10th EDF covers the period 2008-2013 and has a total budget of EUR 22.682 billion. Of this amount, EUR 21.966 billion were allocated to ACP countries, EUR 286 million allocated to the OCT; EUR 430 million for the Commission to finance the costs arising from the programming and implementation of 10th EDF resources.
The European Commission manages the initial amount of EUR 21.152 billion as follows:
- EUR 15.3 billion for the national indicative programmes, comprising:
- EUR 13.5 billion for the A envelope, of which EUR 13.345 billion have been opened. In addition, the A envelope was increased from transfer of reserves by EUR 341 million, increased by EUR 91 million from closure of stabex de-commitments and decreased by EUR 33 million following transfer to regional allocations (MTR region-PALOP). As a result the total available funds amount to EUR 13.744 billion in opened allocations and EUR 155 million still to be opened.
- EUR 1.8 billion for the B envelopes, fully opened. In addition the B enveloppe was increased from reserves by EUR 148 million are open, bringing the total open funds to EUR 1.948 billion.
- EUR 1.783 billion for the regional indicative programmes, together with a transfer of EUR 33 million from envelope A and a transfer to reserves of EUR 19 million, resulting in EUR 1.797 billion of open allocations.
- EUR 2.7 billion in Intra-ACP allocations, all are open, and together with a transfer of EUR 195 million from reserves, a total of EUR 2.895 billion of allocations are open.
- EUR 683 million as a reserve, of which EUR 664 million has been transferred leaving a balance of EUR 19 million.
- EUR 430 million for implementation costs, all open
- EUR 256 million OCT allocations.
RAL (outstanding commitments): at 31.12.2012, the outstanding budgetary commitments not yet paid amounted to EUR 5.642 billion. The amount disclosed as a future commitment to be funded is this outstanding budgetary commitment less related amounts that have been included as expenses in the 2012 economic outturn account, giving a total of EUR 4.928 billion.