The European Parliament adopted by 472 votes to 124, with 22 abstentions, amendments to the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending Regulations (EU) 2018/841 as regards the scope, simplifying the compliance rules, setting out the targets of the Member States for 2030 and committing to the collective achievement of climate neutrality by 2035 in the land use, forestry and agriculture sector, and (EU) 2018/1999 as regards improvement in monitoring, reporting, tracking of progress and review.
The matter has been referred to the committee responsible for inter-institutional negotiations.
The proposed regulation is part of the ‘Fit for 55 in 2030 package’, which is the EU’s plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55 % by 2030 compared to 1990 levels in line with the European Climate Law.
Support for strengthening the CO2 emission reduction target for land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF)
Parliament supports the Commission's proposal that the EU target for net CO2 removals in the LULUCF sector by 2030 should be increased to at least 310 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent and be based on the average of greenhouse gas inventory data for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018.
An amendment specifies that this target would be further enhanced by additional measures and initiatives at EU and Member State level to support carbon storage in agricultural soils. These measures and initiatives, as well as the methodology for calculating and allocating targets between Member States, will supplement the Regulation one year after the entry into force of this legislation.
Where Member States are willing to exceed their targets, they should be encouraged to do so.
In addition, measures should be taken at Union and national level to further increase net greenhouse gas removals in LULUCF from 2031 onwards in order to contribute to the implementation of the Paris Agreement and to ensure a long-term sustainable and predictable contribution of natural sinks to the Union's climate neutrality objective by 2050 at the latest and to the objective of achieving negative emissions thereafter.
By 1 January 2025, the Commission should submit a proposal to amend the Regulation in order to set targets for the Union and the Member States for net greenhouse gas removals from land use, land-use change and forestry at least for 2035, 2040, 2045 and 2050.
By 31 December 2024 at the latest, the Commission should report on progress in increasing net greenhouse gas removals from cropland, grassland and wetlands within the scope of the Regulation and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Following this report, the Commission would, where appropriate, bring forward legislative proposals to ensure that all sectors contribute to the EU's climate neutrality objective and to the EU's interim climate targets.
When taking measures to meet their national targets, Member States should take into account the principle of ‘no significant harm’ as well as the principles enshrined in the European Charter of Social Rights.
Financial support and just transition for increased climate change mitigation and adaptation action in LULUCF
No later than four months after the entry into force of the Regulation, the Commission should present a report on the availability and consistency of all existing EU financing instruments aimed at enhancing climate change mitigation and adaptation in the LULUCF sector.
In this report, the Commission would, where appropriate, make recommendations to Member States on how their CAP strategic plans need to be modified in order to provide land and forest owners or managers with the tailor-made financial support they need to achieve the objectives set out in accordance with the Regulation, with priority being given to the promotion of ecosystem-based approaches in forests, agricultural land and agroforestry
No later than two years after the entry into force of the Regulation and every two years thereafter, Member States should assess the social and labour impacts of the obligations set out in the Regulation across all land categories and sectors covered.
Flexibilities
In order to ensure continued progress towards the Regulation's objectives, Member States that have failed to meet their annual targets for two consecutive years should review their national energy and climate plans and long-term strategies to take additional measures to improve all sinks and reservoirs and reduce the vulnerability of land to natural disturbances.
Natural disturbance mechanism
Parliament proposed the establishment of a natural disturbance mechanism, for a period from 2026 to 2030, available to Member States that have not met their annual targets due to ‘natural disturbances’, such as forest fires.
Agricultural emissions
Members pointed out that greenhouse gas removals by natural carbon sinks are fragile and potentially reversible, which increases the uncertainty in measuring emissions and removals in the land sector compared to other sectors. The objective of enhancing removals by natural carbon sinks should therefore be pursued separately from the objective of rapidly reducing greenhouse gas emissions from other sectors, including agricultural emissions other than CO2.
Access to justice
Member States should ensure access to justice for citizens and non-governmental organisations. In order to ensure the uniform exercise of this right in all Member States, it is proposed to add an article on access to justice to the Regulation.